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Home » Computer Fundamental

What is Computer?

By Dinesh Thakur

What is Computer : Computer is an electronic device that is designed to work with Information. The term computer is derived from the Latin term ‘computare’, this means to calculate or programmable machine. Computer can not do anything without a Program. It represents the decimal numbers through a string of binary digits. The Word ‘Computer’ usually refers to the Center Processor Unit plus Internal memory. [Read more…] about What is Computer?

What is BIOS (basic input/output system)?

By Dinesh Thakur

  A BIOS (Basic Input/Output System) Short for ROM is boot firmware program that a computer uses to successfully start operating. The BIOS is located on a chip inside of the computer and is designed in a way that protects it from disk failure. [Read more…] about What is BIOS (basic input/output system)?

Direct memory access (DMA)

By Dinesh Thakur

 DMA stands for “Direct Memory Access” and is a method of transferring data from the computer‘s RAM to another part of the computer without processing it using the CPU. While most data that is input or output from your computer is processed by the CPU, some data does not require processing, or can be processed by another device. [Read more…] about Direct memory access (DMA)

EISA – Extended Industry Standard Architecture

By Dinesh Thakur

Extended Industry Standard Architecture (in practice almost always shortened to EISA and frequently pronounced “eee-suh“) that extends the ISA standard to a 32-bit interface. It was developed in part as an open alternative to the proprietary “Micro Channel Architecture (MCA)” that IBM introduced in its PS/2 computers. It is a bus standard for IBM compatible computers. It was announced in late 1988 by PC clone vendors as a counter to IBM’s use of its proprietary Micro channel Architecture (MCA) in its PS/2 series. [Read more…] about EISA – Extended Industry Standard Architecture

What is ISA Bus?

By Dinesh Thakur

   The Industry Standard Architecture or ISA (Pronounced as separate letters or as eye-sa) bus began as part of IBM’s revolutionary PC/XT and PC/AT released in 1981. However, it was officially recognized as “ISA” in 1987 when the IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) formally documented standards governing its 16-bit implementation. AT version of the bus is called the AT bus and became a de facto industry standard. [Read more…] about What is ISA Bus?

Micro Channel Architecture (MCA Bus)

By Dinesh Thakur

The terms Micro Channel, Micro Channel architecture, or just MCA, all refer to the same thing: a kind of expansion bus used in PCs. MCA was a distinct break from previous bus architectures such as Industry Standard Architecture. The pin connections in MCA are smaller than other bus interfaces. For this and other reasons, MCA does not support other bus architectures. Although MCA offers a number of improvements over other bus architectures, its proprietary, nonstandard aspects did not encourage other manufacturers to adopt it. [Read more…] about Micro Channel Architecture (MCA Bus)

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