• Skip to main content
  • Skip to primary sidebar
  • Skip to secondary sidebar
  • Skip to footer

Computer Notes

Library
    • Computer Fundamental
    • Computer Memory
    • DBMS Tutorial
    • Operating System
    • Computer Networking
    • C Programming
    • C++ Programming
    • Java Programming
    • C# Programming
    • SQL Tutorial
    • Management Tutorial
    • Computer Graphics
    • Compiler Design
    • Style Sheet
    • JavaScript Tutorial
    • Html Tutorial
    • Wordpress Tutorial
    • Python Tutorial
    • PHP Tutorial
    • JSP Tutorial
    • AngularJS Tutorial
    • Data Structures
    • E Commerce Tutorial
    • Visual Basic
    • Structs2 Tutorial
    • Digital Electronics
    • Internet Terms
    • Servlet Tutorial
    • Software Engineering
    • Interviews Questions
    • Basic Terms
    • Troubleshooting
Menu

Header Right

Home » Fundamental » OS » What is Process ? Explain Process Scheduling
Next →
← Prev

What is Process ? Explain Process Scheduling

By Dinesh Thakur

A Single Process may also contain sub Processes those are also known as the Child Process. So that we can say that a Process which is given to the System is also known as the Parent Process and all the other Parts of the Single Process are known as the Child Process. So that Every Process may also Contains Some Child process.

For Example if we are giving a Command to Print the File, and if a Single File Contains 8 pages to print. Then there are 8 small or child processes to print; and the Whole Process will be over when all of the 8 pages will be printed.

When a user Request for a Service from the System, then the System Automatically initializes the Process by using the initial State and the System also provides the various types of input and output Resources to the Process, Provides also Some Memory and also Control the Execution and Also Controls the State of the Process. So that in the Execution of Process, we doesn’t implement only the Process creation but we also use the various Controlling Mechanism for the Process.

There are Many Types of Operating Systems which executed the Process either Single or Multiple Processes are executed at a Single time. And For Executing the Multiple Processes we must have to use Some Controlling Mechanisms.

We’ll be covering the following topics in this tutorial:

  • Process Scheduling
  • There are Two Types of Scheduling 
  • Preemptive Scheduling: We have various Techniques of Scheduling.

Process Scheduling

As we know that we can perform many Programs at a Tim e on the Computer. But there is a Single CPU. So for running all the Programs concurrently or simultaneously. Then we use the Scheduling. Processes are the Small Programs those are executed by the user according to their Request. CPU Executes all the Process according to Some Rules or Some Schedule. Scheduling ist hat in which each process have Some Amount of Time of CPU. Scheduling Provides Time of CPU to the Each Process.

There are Two Types of Scheduling 

1)   Preemptive: In this all the Processes are executed by using some Amount of Time of CPU. The Time of CPU is divided into the Number of Minutes and Time of CPU divided into the Process by using Some Rules. if the time is divided into equal interval than it is called Quantum Time. in the Preemptive Scheduling

Jobs are Executed one by one according to the Scheduling Techniques, But in this when the Higher Priority  will Request for a Service. To the CPU, then CPU will transfer the Control to the Request Job, Means the Running job will wait for Some Time.

2)   NON-Primitive: In this No Time Scheduling is used and in this CPU will be automatically free after Executing the Whole Process Means When the Execution of the Process will Completed then the CPU will be Free. When two or more Process are given then this will first Complete the Process and after Completing the First Process, this will Automatically start the Second Process.

Non-Preemptive Scheduling means No scheduling then all the Jobs are Executed One by One. And in this when the First Job will be Completed, after that second Job will Started.

Preemptive Scheduling: We have various Techniques of Scheduling.

1)   First Come First Serve: As the name Suggest, the Processes those are Coming first, will be Executed first and Means CPU Will Creates a Queue, means all the Process are Inserted into the Queue and the CPU will Perform all the Process by using their Coming Order.. In this all the Process are arranged by the CPU and After Executing a Single Process, then this will Automatically Execute second Process by Picking up the next Process.

2)   Shortest Job first: In this Scheduling, All the Process are Arranged into their Size Means How Many Time a Process require, of CPU for Executing. CPU Arrange all the Processes according to the Requirement Time. CPU Executes the Processes by Examining the Time Required by Process. CPU Prepare a queue in which all the Processes are arranged by using the Number of Time Units Requires by the Process.

For Example if we want to Print a Page and move a Mouse on the Screen. So that CPU will first Move the Mouse on the Screen. Then after that he will print a Page. Because Job of printing Require a Lots of Time and Moving a Mouse is just requires little Time of CPU.

3) Priority Scheduling: When the Process are Given, then Each Process have a Priority means Some Preference issue. Which Job will be executed first, is determined by the CPU. After Examining the Priority of the CPU. Each Process takes different Time of CPU and also the Number of Inputs those are needed by the CPU. So CPU Maintains the Priority Level after Examining the Total time which a Process will consume. All the Processes are Arranged by using Some Priority,. Then CPU Executes the Process by using the Process Priority.

4) Round Robin: In this Scheduling the Time of CPU is divided into the Equal Parts and Assign to various Processes. In this Time of CPU is also known as Quantum Time. In the Round Robin, when the time of First Process has finished, then the CPU will execute the Second Process. But there also be possibility that the Process doesn’t End, up to The Time. So that if process doesn’t end at the End of Time. Then CPU uses the Context Switching, Means CPU Record the State of Process. After executing the other Processes, he will execute the First Process Again until the Process never ends.

5) Multilevel Queue Scheduling: In this The Time of CPU is divided by using Some Process Categories. In this the Process those are executed on the Foreground or on the Screen, have a higher Priority and the Process those are running in the Background to fill the Request the user. When we Input the data into the Computer. Then the Data is displayed on the Screen after Processing.

You’ll also like:

  1. Explain Various Process States
  2. Explain Process Control block (PCB)
  3. Explain Various Phases of Process Management
  4. Explain Software Process & Characteristics
  5. Explain Software Configuration Management Process
Next →
← Prev
Like/Subscribe us for latest updates     

About Dinesh Thakur
Dinesh ThakurDinesh Thakur holds an B.C.A, MCDBA, MCSD certifications. Dinesh authors the hugely popular Computer Notes blog. Where he writes how-to guides around Computer fundamental , computer software, Computer programming, and web apps.

Dinesh Thakur is a Freelance Writer who helps different clients from all over the globe. Dinesh has written over 500+ blogs, 30+ eBooks, and 10000+ Posts for all types of clients.


For any type of query or something that you think is missing, please feel free to Contact us.


Primary Sidebar

Operating System

Operating System & Types

    • Operating System - Software
    • Operating System - Definition
    • Operating System - Types
    • Operating System - Functions
    • Operating System - Characteristics
    • Operating System - Services
    • Operating System - Multiprogramming
    • Operating System - Time Sharing
    • Operating System - Multiprocessor
    • Operating System - Distributed
    • Operating System - Batch Processing
    • Operating System - Real-Time
    • Operating System - Multitasking
    • Operating System - Network(NOS)
    • Operating System - Multi-User
    • Operating System - Batch
    • Operating System - External Structure
    • Operating System - MS-DOS
    • Operating System - System Software
    • Operating System - Kernel
    • Operating System - Main Functions

Operating System Scheduling

    • Operating System - Scheduling
    • Operating System - Disk Scheduling
    • Operating System - Process
    • Operating System - Round Robin
    • Operating System - CPU Scheduling
    • Operating System - (FCFS) Scheduling
    • Operating System - Preemptive
    • Operating System - Priority Scheduling

Memory

    • Operating System - Memory
    • Operating System - Cache Memory
    • Operating System - Virtual Memory
    • Operating System - Memory Partition

Operating System - What is

    • Operating System - Booting
    • Operating System - Files & Types
    • Operating System - Shell
    • Operating System - Real Time System
    • Operating System - Demand Paging
    • Operating System - Multi Tasking
    • Operating System - Parallel Processing
    • Operating System - Swapping
    • Operating System - Spooling
    • Operating System - App Software
    • Operating System - Dead Lock
    • Operating System - Batch Processing
    • Operating System - Semaphore
    • Operating System - Variable Partitioned
    • Operating System - File System
    • Operating System - Cipher Text
    • Operating System - OS/2
    • Operating System - CONFIG.SYS
    • Operating System - Segmentation
    • Operating System - CLI

Some Other Tutorials

  • OS - Application Vs System Software
  • OS - Commands in DOS
  • OS - Process States
  • OS - System Components
  • OS - Inter-Process
  • OS - Computer Languages
  • OS - System Architecture
  • OS - Directory Structure
  • OS - Process Management
  • OS - Deadlock Prevention
  • OS - Thread Vs Process
  • OS - File Sharing

Other Links

  • Operating System - PDF Version

Footer

Basic Course

  • Computer Fundamental
  • Computer Networking
  • Operating System
  • Database System
  • Computer Graphics
  • Management System
  • Software Engineering
  • Digital Electronics
  • Electronic Commerce
  • Compiler Design
  • Troubleshooting

Programming

  • Java Programming
  • Structured Query (SQL)
  • C Programming
  • C++ Programming
  • Visual Basic
  • Data Structures
  • Struts 2
  • Java Servlet
  • C# Programming
  • Basic Terms
  • Interviews

World Wide Web

  • Internet
  • Java Script
  • HTML Language
  • Cascading Style Sheet
  • Java Server Pages
  • Wordpress
  • PHP
  • Python Tutorial
  • AngularJS
  • Troubleshooting

 About Us |  Contact Us |  FAQ

Dinesh Thakur is a Technology Columinist and founder of Computer Notes.

Copyright © 2023. All Rights Reserved.